Phytochemical Constituents, Antioxidant, Cytotoxicity, Antimicrobial, Antitrypanosomal, and Antimalarial Potentials of the Crude Extracts of Callistemon citrinus
Identifieur interne : 000538 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000537; suivant : 000539Phytochemical Constituents, Antioxidant, Cytotoxicity, Antimicrobial, Antitrypanosomal, and Antimalarial Potentials of the Crude Extracts of Callistemon citrinus
Auteurs : Rotimi Larayetan [Afrique du Sud, Nigeria] ; Zacchaeus S. Ololade [Nigeria] ; Oluranti O. Ogunmola [Nigeria] ; Ayodele Ladokun [Afrique du Sud]Source :
- Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM [ 1741-427X ] ; 2019.
Abstract
Plants are reservoir for potentially useful bioactive compounds, and owing to the rising occurrences of drug resistance to malaria parasites, there is a need to discover and develop new phytochemicals in plant that can be used as antimalarial agents. In this study, we gave a detailed description of the phytochemicals present in both ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts of
Url:
DOI: 10.1155/2019/5410923
PubMed: 31558912
PubMed Central: 6735214
Affiliations:
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Phytochemical Constituents, Antioxidant, Cytotoxicity, Antimicrobial, Antitrypanosomal, and Antimalarial Potentials of the Crude Extracts of <italic>Callistemon citrinus</italic></title><author><name sortKey="Larayetan, Rotimi" sort="Larayetan, Rotimi" uniqKey="Larayetan R" first="Rotimi" last="Larayetan">Rotimi Larayetan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I1">Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Alice 5700</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I2">Department of Chemistry, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Nigeria</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Chemistry, Kogi State University, Anyigba</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Anyigba</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ololade, Zacchaeus S" sort="Ololade, Zacchaeus S" uniqKey="Ololade Z" first="Zacchaeus S." last="Ololade">Zacchaeus S. Ololade</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I3">Department of Chemistry, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Nigeria</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Chemistry, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Ondo</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ogunmola, Oluranti O" sort="Ogunmola, Oluranti O" uniqKey="Ogunmola O" first="Oluranti O." last="Ogunmola">Oluranti O. Ogunmola</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I4">Department of Chemistry, Emmanuel Alayande College of Education, Oyo State, Nigeria</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Chemistry, Emmanuel Alayande College of Education, Oyo State</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Oyo State</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ladokun, Ayodele" sort="Ladokun, Ayodele" uniqKey="Ladokun A" first="Ayodele" last="Ladokun">Ayodele Ladokun</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I5">Department of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Alice 5700</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">31558912</idno><idno type="pmc">6735214</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6735214</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:6735214</idno><idno type="doi">10.1155/2019/5410923</idno><date when="2019">2019</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000512</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000512</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000512</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000512</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000491</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000491</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">000A60</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">000A60</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">000A60</idno><idno type="wicri:doubleKey">1741-427X:2019:Larayetan R:phytochemical:constituents:antioxidant</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">000538</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000538</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000538</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Phytochemical Constituents, Antioxidant, Cytotoxicity, Antimicrobial, Antitrypanosomal, and Antimalarial Potentials of the Crude Extracts of <italic>Callistemon citrinus</italic></title><author><name sortKey="Larayetan, Rotimi" sort="Larayetan, Rotimi" uniqKey="Larayetan R" first="Rotimi" last="Larayetan">Rotimi Larayetan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I1">Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Alice 5700</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I2">Department of Chemistry, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Nigeria</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Chemistry, Kogi State University, Anyigba</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Anyigba</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ololade, Zacchaeus S" sort="Ololade, Zacchaeus S" uniqKey="Ololade Z" first="Zacchaeus S." last="Ololade">Zacchaeus S. Ololade</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I3">Department of Chemistry, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Nigeria</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Chemistry, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Ondo</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ogunmola, Oluranti O" sort="Ogunmola, Oluranti O" uniqKey="Ogunmola O" first="Oluranti O." last="Ogunmola">Oluranti O. Ogunmola</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I4">Department of Chemistry, Emmanuel Alayande College of Education, Oyo State, Nigeria</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Chemistry, Emmanuel Alayande College of Education, Oyo State</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Oyo State</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ladokun, Ayodele" sort="Ladokun, Ayodele" uniqKey="Ladokun A" first="Ayodele" last="Ladokun">Ayodele Ladokun</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I5">Department of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Alice 5700</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM</title><idno type="ISSN">1741-427X</idno><idno type="eISSN">1741-4288</idno><imprint><date when="2019">2019</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Plants are reservoir for potentially useful bioactive compounds, and owing to the rising occurrences of drug resistance to malaria parasites, there is a need to discover and develop new phytochemicals in plant that can be used as antimalarial agents. In this study, we gave a detailed description of the phytochemicals present in both ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts of <italic>Callistemon citrinus</italic> (<italic>C. citrinus</italic>) using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis; both extracts were also evaluated for their <italic>in vitro</italic> antimalarial, antitrypanosomal, and cytotoxicity activities against <italic>Trypanosoma brucei brucei</italic> (<italic>T. b brucei</italic>) parasites, <italic>Plasmodium falciparum</italic> (<italic>P. falciparum</italic>) malaria parasites 3D7 strain, and human cervix adenocarcinoma cells (HeLa cells); in addition, the antimicrobial and antioxidant efficacies were determined using standard methods. Both extracts were characterized by a high amount of fatty acids (52.88 and 62.48%). The ethyl acetate extract exhibited a greater activity with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 0.025 to 0.10 mg/mL while the methanol extract ranged from 0.025 to 0.15 mg/mL. Both extracts were bactericidal to <italic>Escherichia coli ATCC 35150</italic> (<italic>E. coli</italic>) and <italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa ACC</italic> (<italic>P. aeruginosa</italic>). Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical screenings conducted for both extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, steroids, and triterpenoids, fat and oils, flavonoids, phenols, and tannins in varying amounts. Both crude extracts exhibited antitrypanosomal potentials with an IC<sub>50</sub> of 6.6/9.7 <italic>μ</italic>g/mL and antiplasmodial activities with an IC<sub>50</sub> of 8.4/13.0 <italic>μ</italic>g/mL. Conclusion from this study indicates that apart from the folkloric uses of this plant in traditional settings, the extracts possess a broad spectrum of antimicrobial, antitrypanosomal, and antimalarial activities and some pharmaceutically essential bioactive components with remarkable antioxidant capacities that may be used in the synthesis of novel drugs for the management of different varieties of ailments.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ramawat, K G" uniqKey="Ramawat K">K. G. Ramawat</name></author><author><name sortKey="Merillon, J M" uniqKey="Merillon J">J. M. Mérillon</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Winslow, L C" uniqKey="Winslow L">L. C. Winslow</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kroll, D J" uniqKey="Kroll D">D. J. Kroll</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Liu, R H" uniqKey="Liu R">R. H. 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Eich</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Afrique du Sud</li><li>Nigeria</li></country></list><tree><country name="Afrique du Sud"><noRegion><name sortKey="Larayetan, Rotimi" sort="Larayetan, Rotimi" uniqKey="Larayetan R" first="Rotimi" last="Larayetan">Rotimi Larayetan</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Ladokun, Ayodele" sort="Ladokun, Ayodele" uniqKey="Ladokun A" first="Ayodele" last="Ladokun">Ayodele Ladokun</name></country><country name="Nigeria"><noRegion><name sortKey="Larayetan, Rotimi" sort="Larayetan, Rotimi" uniqKey="Larayetan R" first="Rotimi" last="Larayetan">Rotimi Larayetan</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Ogunmola, Oluranti O" sort="Ogunmola, Oluranti O" uniqKey="Ogunmola O" first="Oluranti O." last="Ogunmola">Oluranti O. Ogunmola</name><name sortKey="Ololade, Zacchaeus S" sort="Ololade, Zacchaeus S" uniqKey="Ololade Z" first="Zacchaeus S." last="Ololade">Zacchaeus S. 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